An article published yesterday in the Gonzaga Law Review presents an interesting analysis of trade secret litigation in state courts. Authors David S. Alming, Darin W. Snyder, Michael Sapoznikow, Whitney E. McCollum, and Jill Weader published the follow-up article to their article last year concerning trade secret litigation in federal courts. According to the new article, they analyzed 2,077 state appellate court decisions issued between 1995 and 2009 and coded 358 of them for 17 relevant factors.

Here are some interesting findings from their article:

• In more than 90% of trade secret cases in both state and federal courts, the alleged misappropriator was either an employee or business partner of the trade secret owner.
• Just five states account for about half of all trade secret litigation in state appellate courts. California leads the pack (16% of cases), followed by Texas (11%), Ohio (10%), New York (6%), and Georgia (6%).
• State appellate courts affirmed 68% of trade secret decisions and reversed 30% of them.
• State appellate courts favor defendants. Alleged misappropriators (the defendants) prevailed in 57% of cases and trade secret owners (the plaintiffs) prevailed in 41%.
• State courts appear to be a tougher venue for trade secret owners who are suing business partners than for those suing employees. Trade secret owners won 42% of the time on appeal when the owner sued an employee, but only 34% when the owner sued a business partner.
• For decades following its 1939 publication, the Restatement (First) of Torts “was almost universally cited by state courts, and in effect became the bedrock of modern trade secret law.” James Pooley, Trade Secrets § 2.02[1] (2010). Those days are over. Only 5% of the cases in the state study cited the Restatement.
• Unlike federal courts, which cite persuasive authority in more than a quarter of cases, state courts cited persuasive authority in only 7% of cases.
• In contrast to the exponential growth of trade secret litigation in federal courts, trade secret litigation in state appellate courts is increasing, but only in a linear pattern at a modest pace.
• Of all the reasonable measures trade secret owners took, only two statistically predicted that the court would find that this element was satisfied: confidentiality agreements with employees and confidentiality agreements with third parties.